Image and video processing methods and systems

ABSTRACT

The data processing method and system provided in the present specification may use a first transfer function to perform an encoding spectrum-adjustment on an original frame in original data when compressing the original data, so that the amplitude of the intermediate-frequency to high-frequency region in the original frame may be smoothly reduced, thereby reducing the data information in the original frame and improve the encoding efficiency. Thus, the compressed data volume is reduced. When the method and system are employed to decompress a compressed frame, a second transfer function may be used to perform a decoding spectrum-adjustment on the compressed frame, where the second transfer function corresponds to the first transfer function, so as to restore the data in the compressed frame and obtain a decompressed frame. The method and system may improve data compression efficiency and transmission efficiency.

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.17,086,407, filed on Nov. 1, 2020, which claims the benefit of priorityto Chinese Patent Application No. 202010276253.7, filed Apr. 9, 2020,and entitled “DATA PROCESSING METHODS AND SYSTEMS,” the entire contentsof which are incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present application relates to the field of data processing, and inparticular, to a data processing method and system.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION

With wide applications of Internet technologies, especially with theincreasing use of mobile terminals, there are more and more types ofdata used in communication networks. Also, with the popularization ofcomputers, more and more data, such as video data, audio data, and thelike, have occupied more and more network resources and storageresources. The data often contain a huge amount of information, therebybringing out quite high requirements for data storage and transmission.In order to facilitate data storage and transmission, it is oftennecessary to compress the data before storage and transmission, and thenrestore the data by decompressing the compressed data when the data isin use. This further results an increasingly popularity of datacompression and decompression technologies.

In the past several decades, the video and image compression technologyhas been increasingly utilized in many applications. A video oftencontains a huge amount of information. From traditional applicationssuch as radio, film and television to the more current applications suchas monitoring and Internet applications, compressed videos and imagesare taking up more and more network and storage resources. Thus, in thecase where the original data of a piece of video is transmitted from oneterminal to another through a network, a lot of network resources areoccupied. As a result, it may be difficult to achieve a smoothtransmission in certain scenarios of real-time video transmission.Therefore, in practice before video data is transmitted, the video datais first subjected to the compression processing by a data compressiondevice so as to facilitate the transmission. Subsequently, thetransmitted compressed video data are further transmitted to a datadecompression device through a transmission medium, and then the datadecompression device decompresses the compressed video data to at leastpartially restore the video images.

The main video compression standards in the existing technology are theRecommendation ITU-T H.264/H.265. Before transmission, a video isgenerally subjected to an overall compression process using an encoderaccording to the Recommendation ITU-T H.264/H.265, and then aftertransmission, the compressed video is subjected to an overalldecompression process by a decoder according to the Recommendation ITU-TH.264/H.265. However, the above-mentioned processing method for overallcompression of the video is still not undesirable in terms of thebalance between the amount of calculation and the resolution of thecompressed video due to the following reason. When processing anoriginal video, according to the Recommendation ITU-T H.264/H.265various complicated algorithms are required to generate a predictiveframe of the original frame, and then the residual between the originalframe and the predictive frame is recorded. As a result, the closer thepredictive frame is to the original frame, the smaller the residual, andthe smaller the amount of data after a video is encoded. Thus, in orderto make the encoding process easier, a commonly used approach is toreduce the high-frequency information in the original frame image byfiltering the original frame. It may be known according to the Fouriertransform that the frequency information of the boundary part of anobject in an image is often relatively rich, and the high-frequencycomponents of the boundary part are usually larger than those of otherflat regions. Therefore, although the frame image with reducedhigh-frequency information becomes visually blurred (that is, thesharpness of the image is reduced), this approach may make the residualbetween the predictive frame and the filtered original frame smaller. Inthis way, the amount of calculation required for video encoding and theencoded data stream are greatly reduced. However, the technology offrame prediction is very complicated and will consume a lot of computingresources. Taking a video codec system as an example, an averageincrease of 30% to 40% in coding efficiency may require an increase ofabout 10 times the amount of calculation. Therefore, how to furtherimprove the efficiency of data compression has been the goal pursued inthe field of data compression technology.

Therefore, in order to improve the data transmission efficiency, amethod and system for data processing with higher compression efficiencyare needed.

BRIEF SUMMARY

The present application provides a method and system for data processingwith higher compression efficiency. The data processing method andsystem include an encoding end and a decoding end for the data. Takingvideo data as an example, when the original video data is compressed atthe encoding end, the original frame in the original video data may besubjected to an encoding spectrum-adjustment in order to reduce thesignal strength of the original frame in a selected frequency domain,thereby reducing the amount of data information. Specifically, theencoding spectrum-adjustment may smoothly reduce the amplitude of theselected area in the original frame, thereby reducing the amount of datainformation in the original frame, and then the spectrally adjusted dataare further encoded to obtain a compressed frame. Next, at the decodingend, when the method and system disclosed provided herein are employedto decompress the compressed frame, the compressed frame may be firstlydecoded, and then the decoded compressed frame is further adjusted fordecoding spectrum-adjustment. In this way, in an important frequencyregion, the original frame undergoes signal attenuation in a frequencydomain rather than filtering in the frequency domain, and theinformation of the original frame in the entire frequency domain is notlost. Therefore, it is possible to design a corresponding decodingspectrum-adjustment according to the encoding spectrum-adjustment, andthus the information on all frequencies in the original frame may be atleast partially restored. That is to say, without significantlyincreasing the amount of codec calculation, the decoding end of thevideo transmission may at least partially restore the clarity of theoriginal frame. In many cases, an image clarity that is even higher thanthat of the original frame many be obtained. Hence, the method andsystem provide herein may significantly improve the data compressionefficiency and the data transmission efficiency.

To this end, in a first aspect, the present application provides a dataprocessing method, comprising: selecting an original frame in originaldata, the original frame including original data of a preset number ofbytes; and performing data compression on the original frame to obtain acompressed frame, wherein the data compression includes an encodingspectrum-adjustment on an under-compression-frame, theunder-compression-frame includes the original frame and any data statebefore the original frame becomes the compressed frame during the datacompression, the encoding spectrum-adjustment includes using an encodingconvolution kernel to convolve the under-compression-frame, so as tosmoothly reduce an amplitude of an intermediate-frequency region of theunder-compression-frame in a frequency domain.

In some embodiments, the encoding spectrum-adjustment smoothly reducesan amplitude in a high-frequency region in the frequency domain.

In some embodiments, the encoding spectrum-adjustment smoothly reducesan amplitude of a low-frequency region of the under-compression-frame inthe frequency domain; and a reducing degree of the amplitude of thelow-frequency region of the under-compression-frame by the encodingspectrum-adjustment is lower than that of the intermediate-frequencyregion.

In some embodiments, an amplitude adjustment gain of theunder-compression-frame at any frequency in the frequency domainresulted from the encoding spectrum-adjustment is greater than zero.

In some embodiments, the performing data compression on the originalframe includes at least one of the following ways: firstly performingthe encoding spectrum-adjustment on the original frame, and thenperforming a prediction and finding a residual with the original frameafter the encoding spectrum-adjustment; firstly performing theprediction with the original frame to obtain a predicted original frame,and then performing the encoding spectrum-adjustment with the originalframe and the predicted original frame and finding the residual; andfirstly performing the prediction and finding the residual with theoriginal frame, and then performing the encoding spectrum-adjustmentwith the residual.

In some embodiments, the encoding spectrum-adjustment on theunder-compression-frame includes: determining a frame type of theoriginal frame; and selecting, based on the frame type of the originalframe, a convolution kernel from a group of encoding convolution kernelsas the encoding convolution kernel to convolve theunder-compression-frame.

In some embodiments, the frame type includes at least one of an intrapredictive frame, a forward predictive frame, and a bidirectionalpredictive frame.

In some embodiments, when the original frame is a bidirectionalpredictive frame, the encoding convolution kernel of theunder-compression-frame corresponding to the original frame is the sameas the encoding convolution kernel of the under-compression-framecorresponding to a reference frame closest to the original frame.

In some embodiments, the convolving the under-compression-frameincludes: convolving the under-compression-frame in at least one of avertical direction, a horizontal direction and an oblique direction.

In in a second aspect, the present application provides a dataprocessing system, comprising: at least one storage medium for dataprocessing, including at least one set of instructions; at least oneprocessor in communication connection with the at least one storagemedium, wherein when the system is in operation, the at least oneprocessor reads the at least one set of instructions and executes thedata processing method according to the first aspect of the presentapplication according to an instruction of the at least one set ofinstructions.

In in a third aspect, the present application provides another dataprocessing method, comprising: obtaining compressed data, the compresseddata including a compressed frame obtained by performing datacompression on an original frame, and the data compression including anencoding spectrum-adjustment; and performing data decompression on thecompressed frame to obtain a decompressed frame, wherein the datadecompression includes performing a decoding spectrum-adjustment on anunder-decompression-frame, the under-decompression-frame includes thecompressed frame and any data state before the compressed frame becomesthe decompressed frame during the data decompression, and the decodingspectrum-adjustment corresponds to the encoding spectrum-adjustment.

In some embodiments, the encoding spectrum-adjustment includes using anencoding convolution kernel to convolve the under-compression-frame, sothat an amplitude adjustment gain of the under-compression-frame at anyfrequency from low frequencies to medium-high frequencies is greaterthan zero, the under-compression-frame includes the original frame andany data state before the original frame becomes the compressed frameduring the data compression; and the decoding spectrum-adjustmentincludes using a corresponding decoding convolution kernel to convolvethe under-decompression-frame based on the encoding convolution kernel.

In some embodiments, the performing data decompression on the compressedframe includes: decoding the compressed frame to obtain a decoded frame,the under-decompression-frame including the decoded frame; andperforming the decoding spectrum-adjustment on the decoded frame toobtain the decompressed frame.

In some embodiments, the performing the decoding spectrum-adjustment onthe decoded frame includes: determining a frame type of the decodedframe; selecting, based on the frame type of the decoded frame, aconvolution kernel from a group of decoding convolution kernels as thedecoding convolution kernel, and convolving the decoded frame; andobtaining the decompressed frame based on a convolution result of thedecoded frame.

In some embodiments, the obtaining the decompressed frame based on aconvolution result of the decoded frame includes: obtaining boundarydata of the decoded frame based on the convolution result of the decodedframe; and superimposing the decoded frame on the boundary data of thedecoded frame to obtain the decompressed frame.

In some embodiments, the obtaining the decompressed frame based on aconvolution result of the decoded frame includes: using the convolutionresult of the decoded frame as the decompressed frame.

In some embodiments, the frame type includes at least one of an intrapredictive frame, a forward predictive frame, and a bidirectionalpredictive frame.

In some embodiments, when the decoded frame is a bidirectionalpredictive frame, the decoding convolution kernel of the decoded frameis the same as the decoding convolution kernel of a reference frameclosest to the decoded frame.

In some embodiments, the convolving the decoded frame includes:convolving the decoded frame in at least one of a vertical direction, ahorizontal direction, and an oblique direction.

In in a fourth aspect, the present application provides a dataprocessing system, comprising: at least one storage medium for dataprocessing, including at least one set of instructions; at least oneprocessor in communication connection with the at least one storagemedium, wherein when the system is in operation, the at least oneprocessor reads the at least one set of instructions and executes thedata processing method according to the third aspect of the presentapplication according to an instruction of the at least one set ofinstructions.

Other functions of the data processing method and system provided in thepresent application will be partially described in the followingdescription. According to the description, the contents introduced bythe following figures and examples will be obvious to those of ordinaryskill in the art. The inventive aspects of the data processing method,system and storage medium provided in the present application may befully explained by practicing or using the method, device andcombinations thereof described in the detailed examples below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The following figures illustrate in detail the exemplary embodimentsdisclosed in the present application. The same reference numeralsindicate similar structures shown in different figures. A person ofordinary skill in the art will understand that these embodiments aremerely exemplary embodiments rather than limiting embodiments. Theaccompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustration anddescription, and are not intended to limit the scope of the presentapplication. Other embodiments may also accomplish the objects of thepresent application.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a data processing system providedaccording to some exemplary embodiments of the present application.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a data compression device for dataprocessing according to some exemplary embodiments of the presentapplication.

FIG. 3A shows a flowchart of data compression and data decompressionprovided according to some exemplary embodiments of the presentapplication.

FIG. 3B shows a flowchart of data compression and data decompressionprovided according to some exemplary embodiments of the presentapplication.

FIG. 3C shows a flowchart of data compression and data decompressionprovided according to some exemplary embodiments of the presentapplication.

FIG. 3D shows a flowchart of data compression and data decompressionprovided according to some exemplary embodiments of the presentapplication.

FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of a data processing method for compressingdata according to some exemplary embodiments of the present application.

FIG. 5A shows a graph of an encoding spectrum-adjustment functionprovided according to some exemplary embodiments of the presentapplication.

FIG. 5B shows a graph of an encoding spectrum-adjustment functionprovided according to some exemplary embodiments of the presentapplication.

FIG. 6 shows a parameter table of a group of encoding convolutionkernels provided according to some exemplary embodiments of the presentapplication.

FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of a data processing method for decompressing acompressed frame according to some exemplary embodiments of the presentapplication.

FIG. 8 shows a graph of the curves of an overall adjustment functionH₀(ƒ), an encoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ) and a decodingspectrum-adjustment function H₂(ƒ) provided according to some exemplaryembodiments of the present application.

FIG. 9 shows a graph of the curves of an overall adjustment functionH₀(ƒ), an encoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ) and a decodingspectrum-adjustment function H₃(ƒ) provided according to some exemplaryembodiments of the present application.

FIG. 10 shows a parameter table of a group of decoding convolutionkernels in a normal mode provided according to some exemplaryembodiments of the present application.

FIG. 11 shows a parameter table of a group of decoding convolutionkernels in an enhanced mode provided according to some exemplaryembodiments of the present application.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The following description provides specific application scenarios andrequirements of the present application in order to enable a personskilled in the art to make and use the present application. Variousmodifications to the disclosed embodiments will be apparent to a personskilled in the art. The general principles defined herein may be appliedto other embodiments and applications without departing from the spiritand scope of the present application. Therefore, the present applicationis not limited to the embodiments described herein, but the broadestscope consistent with the claims.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particularexemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As usedherein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” may include their pluralforms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. When usedin this disclosure, the terms “comprises”, “comprising”, “includes”and/or “including” refer to the presence of stated features, integers,steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude thepresence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps,operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

In view of the following description, these and other features of thepresent application, as well as operations and functions of relatedelements of the structure, and the economic efficiency of thecombination and manufacture of the components, may be significantlyimproved. All of these form part of the present application withreference to the drawings. However, it should be clearly understood thatthe drawings are only for the purpose of illustration and description,and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Itis also understood that the drawings are not drawn to scale.

The flowcharts used in the present application show the operations ofthe system according to some embodiments in the present application. Itshould be understood that the operations of the flowcharts may beimplemented out of order. The operations may be performed in a reverseorder or simultaneously. In addition, one or more other operations maybe added to the flowcharts, and one or more operations may be removedfrom the flowcharts.

In the first aspect, the present application provides a data processingsystem 100 (hereinafter referred to as the system 100). In the secondaspect, the present application describes a data processing method P200that compresses data. In the third aspect, the present applicationdescribes a data processing method P300 that decompresses a compressedframe.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the data processing system 100. Thesystem 100 may include a data compression device 200, a datadecompression device 300, and a transmission medium 120.

The data compression device 200 may receive the original data to becompressed, and then use the data processing method P200 provided by thepresent application to compress the original data so as to generate acompressed frame. To this end, the data compression device 200 may storethe data or instructions for executing the data processing method P200as described in the present application; execute the data and/orinstructions as described; and generate compressed data.

The data decompression device 300 may receive a compressed frame anddecompress the compressed frame using the data processing method P300provided by the present application to obtain a decompressed frame. Thedata decompression device 300 may store the data or instructions forexecuting the data processing method P300 as described in the presentapplication, and execute the data and/or instructions accordingly.

The data compression device 200 and the data decompression device 300may include a wide range of devices. For example, the data compressiondevice 200 and the data decompression device 300 may include desktopcomputers, mobile computing devices, notebook computers (e.g., laptops),tablet computers, set-top boxes, smart phones and other handhelddevices, televisions, cameras, display devices, digital media players,video game consoles, in-vehicle computers, or the like.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the data compression device 200 and the datadecompression device 300 may be connected through the transmissionmedium 120. The transmission medium 120 may facilitate the transmissionof information and/or data. The transmission medium 120 may be any typeof data carrier that may transmit a compressed frame from the datacompression device 200 to the data decompression device 300. Forexample, the transmission medium 120 may be a storage medium (forexample, an optical disk), a wired or wireless communication medium. Thecommunication medium may be a network. In some embodiments, thetransmission medium 120 may be any type of wired or wireless network, ora combination thereof. For example, the transmission medium 120 mayinclude a cable network, a wired network, an optical fiber network, atelecommunications network, an intranet, the Internet, a local areanetwork (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a wireless local area network(WLAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), a wide area network (WAN), apublic switched telephone network (PSTN), a Bluetooth network, a ZigBeenetwork, a near field communication (NFC) network or a similar network.One or more components in the data decompression device 300 and the datacompression device 200 may be connected to the transmission medium 120to transmit data and/or information. The transmission medium 120 mayinclude a router, a switch, a base station, or other device that mayfacilitate the communication from the data compression device 200 to thedata decompression device 300. In other embodiments, the transmissionmedium 120 may be a storage medium, such as a mass storage medium, aremovable memory, a volatile read-write memory, a read-only memory(ROM), or the like, or any combination thereof. Exemplary mass storagemedia may include non-transitory storage media, such as magnetic disks,optical disks, solid-state drives, and the like. Removable storage mediamay include flash drives, floppy disks, optical disks, memory cards, zipdisks, tapes, and the like. A typical volatile read-write memory mayinclude a random access memory (RAM). RAM may include dynamic RAM(DRAM), dual date rate synchronous dynamic RAM (DDR SDRAM), static RAM(SRAM), thyristor RAM (T-RAM), and zero-capacitance RAM (Z-RAM). ROM mayinclude mask ROM (MROM), programmable ROM (PROM), virtual programmableROM (PEROM), electronic programmable ROM (EEPROM), compact disk(CD-ROM), and digital versatile disk ROM. In some embodiments, thetransmission medium 120 may be a cloud platform. Merely by way ofexample, the cloud platform may include a private cloud, a public cloud,a hybrid cloud, a community cloud, a distributed cloud, an inter-cloudcloud, or other forms similar to the above forms, or any combination ofthe above forms.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the data compression device 200 receives originaldata, and executes the instructions of the data processing method P200as described in the present application to perform data compression onthe original data, so as to generate a compressed frame; the compressedframe is then transmitted to the data decompression device 300 throughthe transmission medium 120; next, the data decompression device 300executes the instructions of the data processing method P300 asdescribed in the present application to perform data decompression onthe compressed frame, so as to obtain a decompressed frame.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the data compression device 200 fordata processing. The data compression device 200 may execute the dataprocessing method P200 as described in the present application. The dataprocessing method P200 will be introduced in other parts of the presentapplication. For example, the data processing method P200 is describedin the description of FIGS. 4 to 6 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the data compression device 200 includes at leastone storage medium 230 and at least one compression-end processor 220.In some embodiments, the data compression device 200 may further includea communication port 250 and an internal communication bus 210.Meanwhile, the data compression device 200 may also include an I/Ocomponent 260.

The internal communication bus 210 may connect different systemcomponents, including the storage medium 230 and the compression-sideprocessor 220.

The I/O component 260 may support the input/output between the datacompression device 200 and other components.

The storage medium 230 may include a data storage device. The datastorage device may be a non-transitory storage medium or a temporarystorage medium. For example, the data storage device may include one ormore of a magnetic disk 232, a read-only storage medium (ROM) 234, and arandom access storage medium (RAM) 236. The storage medium 230 may alsoinclude at least one set of instructions stored in the data storagedevice. The instructions are computer program code, and the computerprogram code may include the programs, routines, objects, components,data structures, processes, modules, etc. for executing the dataprocessing method as provided by the present application.

The communication port 250 is used for data communication between thedata compression device 200 and the outside world. For example, the datacompression device 200 may be connected to the transmission medium 120through the communication port 250.

At least one compression-end processor 220 is in the communicationconnection with at least one storage medium 230 via the internalcommunication bus 210. At least one compression-end processor 220 isused to execute the at least one set of instructions. When the system100 is in operation, the at least one compression-side processor 220reads the at least one set of instructions and executes the dataprocessing method P200 according to the instruction of the at least oneset of instructions. The compression-side processor 220 may perform allof the steps included in the data processing method P200. Thecompression-side processor 220 may be in the form of one or moreprocessors. In some embodiments, the compression-side processor 220 mayinclude one or more hardware processors, the examples includemicrocontrollers, microprocessors, reduced set of instructions computers(RISC), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs),application-specific set of instructions processors (ASIP), centralprocessing units (CPU), graphics processing units (GPU), physicalprocessing units (PPU), microcontroller units, digital signal processors(DSP), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), advanced RISC machines(ARM), programmable logic devices (PLD), or any circuit or processorthat is capable of executing one or more functions, or any combinationthereof. For the purpose of description, only one compression-sideprocessor 220 is described in the data compression device 200 in thepresent application. However, it should be noted that the datacompression device 200 in the present application may also includemultiple processors. Thus, the operations and/or method steps disclosedin the present application may be performed by one processor asdescribed in the present application, or may be performed jointly bymultiple processors. For example, if the compression-end processor 220of the data compression device 200 performs steps A and B in the presentapplication, it should be understood that step A and step B may beperformed jointly or separately by two different compression-endprocessors 220 (for example, a first processor performs step A, a secondprocessor performs step B, or the first and second processors performsteps A and B together).

Although the above structure describes the data compression device 200,this structure is also applicable to the data decompression device 300.The data decompression device 300 may execute the data processing methodP300 as described in the present application. The data processing methodP300 will be introduced in other parts of the present application. Forexample, the data processing method P300 is described in the descriptionof FIGS. 7 to 11 .

The data processing methods P200, P300 and the system 100 may be usedfor data compression and decompression to improve the data transmissionefficiency and save resources and spaces. The data herein may benon-real-time data or real-time data. There are a variety of data in theareas from the traditional radio, film and television to the currentmonitoring and Internet applications. For example, the data may benon-real-time video data, audio data, image data, and so on. The datamay also be real-time map data, real-time sensor data, real-time videomonitoring data, network monitoring data, meteorological data, aerospacedata, and so on. For example, the data may be map data received from abase station by an autonomous vehicle during driving. The presentapplication does not limit the data to a specific type of data. The dataprocessing method described in the present application is consistentwith the methods and steps taken by the system when processing differenttypes of data. Thus, for the convenience of presentation, the presentapplication will take video data processing as an example fordescription.

The data processing methods P200, P300 and the system 100 maysignificantly improve the compression efficiency of video data, andimprove the transmission efficiency and reduction rate of video. In thetraditional video compression technology, Recommendation ITU-TH.264/H.265 are usually used to encode video data, so as to achieve thepurpose of compressing the video data. Recommendation ITU-T H.264/H.265mainly use predictive coding to encode video data. That is, an originalframe is predicted to obtain a predictive value, and then the predictivevalue is subtracted from the original value of the original frame toobtain a residual value, thereby compressing the video data. Duringrestoring and decompressing (that is, decoding), the original frame maybe restored by adding the residual value to the predictive value. Thedata processing method P200 may use a combination of encodingspectrum-adjustment and encoding to perform data compression on thevideo data to obtain a compressed frame, so as to further improve thecompression ratio of the video data and the efficiency of videotransmission. The data processing method P300 may use a combination ofdecoding (that is, restoring the under-compression-frame according tothe residual value and predictive value) and decodingspectrum-adjustment to perform data decompression on the compressedframe so as to restore the data in the compressed frame. The encodingspectrum-adjustment herein refers to adjusting the amplitude of thespectrogram of the data to be processed. For example, the encodingspectrum-adjustment may perform amplitude attenuation on the data to beprocessed in the frequency domain of, thereby reducing the amount ofinformation in the data to be processed; for example, the amplitude of aselected frequency region in the frequency domain of the data to beprocessed may be attenuated; for example, the amplitude ofintermediate-frequency region may be attenuated; and for example, theamplitude of a region from intermediate-frequency to high-frequency maybe attenuated. A person of ordinary skill in the art would understandthat the frequency component of the data after encodingspectrum-adjustment in the selected frequency region becomes smaller,and thus the amount of information in the data is reduced. Therefore,the efficiency of encoding data after the encoding spectrum-adjustmentmay be improved and the compression ratio may also be improved. Thedecoding spectrum-adjustment may enable the data subjected to theencoding spectrum-adjustment to be completely restored or approximatelyrestored to the state before the encoding spectrum-adjustment withoutconsidering other calculation errors. Therefore, the data processingmethods P200, P300 and the system 100 may significantly improve thecompression efficiency of video data, and improve the transmissionefficiency and reduction rate of videos. The specific processes of theencoding spectrum-adjustment and the decoding spectrum-adjustment willbe described in detail in the following descriptions. When the system100 performs data compression on video data, the orders of the encodingspectrum-adjustment and the encoding may be exchanged, or may beperformed alternately. Similarly, when the system 100 performs datadecompression on the compressed frame, the orders of the decodingspectrum-adjustment and the decoding order may be exchanged, or may beperformed alternately. It should be noted that, in order to ensure thatfollowing the decompression the information in the original data may berestored, the order of the data decompression needs to correspond to theorder of the data compression. That is, the data decompression mayoperate in a symmetrical reverse order with respect to the datacompression. For example, if the compressed frame is obtained byperforming the encoding spectrum-adjustment before performing theencoding, the compressed frame should be subjected to the decoding andthen the decoding spectrum-adjustment during data decompression. Foreasy description, the original data before data compression processingis defined as P₀, the decompressed frame obtained by decompressing bythe data decompression device 300 is defined as P₄; in addition, theencoding spectrum-adjustment function corresponding to the encodingspectrum-adjustment is defined as H₁(ƒ), the decodingspectrum-adjustment function corresponding to decodingspectrum-adjustment is defined as H₂(ƒ), and the transfer functionbetween the decompressed frame P₄ and the original data is defined as anoverall spectrum adjustment function H₀(ƒ).

FIG. 3A shows a flowchart of data compression and data decompressionprovided according to an embodiment of the present application. As shownin FIG. 3A, the process of performing data compression on the originaldata by the data compression device 200 may include: the datacompression device 200 may first perform the encodingspectrum-adjustment on the original data, and then perform the encoding,that is, perform the prediction and finding the residual, so as toobtain the compressed frame. The data compression method shown in FIG.3A may improve the encoding efficiency, reduce the amount of data in thecompressed frame, and improve the compression ratio. The process ofperforming data decompression on the compressed frame by the datadecompression device 300 may include: the data decompression device 300may firstly perform the decoding on the compressed frame, and thenobtain the decompressed frame through the decoding spectrum-adjustment.The specific process will be described in detail later.

The data compression device 200 may perform data compression on originaldata by integrating the encoding spectrum-adjustment into the encodingprocess. The encoding spectrum-adjustment may be performed at any stagein the encoding process. Correspondingly, the decodingspectrum-adjustment may also be performed at the corresponding stage ofthe decoding process.

FIG. 3B shows a flowchart of data compression and data decompressionprovided according to an embodiment of the present application. As shownin FIG. 3B, the process of performing data compression on the originaldata by the data compression device 200 may include: the datacompression device 200 may firstly perform prediction on the originaldata to obtain a predictive value, and then perform the encodingspectrum-adjustment on the original frame and the predictive value andfinding the residual, so as to obtain the residual value, that is, thecompressed frame. The specific operations shown in FIG. 3B are the sameas those shown in FIG. 3A, except that the order of operations isdifferent. The process of performing data decompression on thecompressed frame by the data decompression device 300 may include: thedata decompression device 300 may perform decoding spectrum-adjustmenton the decoded the residual value, and then decode the predictive valueof the compressed frame, and perform image restoration through thedecoded predictive value and the residue value processed through thedecoding spectrum-adjustment, so as to obtain the decompressed frame.The process shown in FIG. 3B may reduce the amount of data in thecompressed frame, thereby improving the compression ratio and encodingefficiency of the original data, and improving the transmissionefficiency of the original data.

FIG. 3C shows a flowchart of data compression and data decompressionprovided according to an embodiment of the present application. As shownin FIG. 3C, the process of performing data compression on the originaldata by the data compression device 200 may include: the datacompression device 200 firstly perform the encoding on the original datato obtain a residual value, and then perform the encodingspectrum-adjustment on the residual value to obtain the residual valueafter the encoding spectrum-adjustment, that is, the compressed frame.The specific operations shown in FIG. 3C is the same as those shown inFIG. 3A, except the operation order is different. The process ofperforming data decompression on the compressed frame by the datadecompression device 300 may include: the data decompression device 300firstly perform the decoding spectrum-adjustment on the compressedframe, and then perform the decoding to obtain a decompressed frame. Theprocess shown in FIG. 3C may reduce the amount of data in the compressedframe, thereby improving the compression ratio and encoding efficiencyof the original data, and improving the transmission efficiency of theoriginal data.

FIG. 3D shows a flowchart of data compression and data decompressionprovided according to an embodiment of the present application. As shownin FIG. 3D, the process of performing data compression on original databy the data compression device 200 may include: the data compressiondevice 200 firstly perform the encoding spectrum-adjustment on theoriginal data, and then perform the encoding, that is, perform theprediction and finding a residual, so as to obtain a compressed frame.The specific operations shown in FIG. 3D are the same as those shown inFIG. 3A, and will not be repeated herein. The process of performing datadecompression on the compressed frame by the data decompression device300 may include: the data decompression device 300 firstly perform thedecoding on the compressed frame, and then obtaining a decompressedframe through the decoding spectrum-adjustment. Specifically, theprocess of obtaining the decompressed frame through the decodingspectrum-adjustment may include: performing the decodingspectrum-adjustment on the decoded frame obtained after the decoding toobtain boundary information of the decoded frame, and then superimposingthe boundary information of the decoded frame on the decoded frame toobtain the decompressed frame. In order to facilitate description andfurther distinguishing the foregoing process from the decoding processshown in FIG. 3A, the decoding spectrum-adjustment function used forobtaining the boundary information of the decoded frame in FIG. 3D isdefined as H₃(ƒ). The process shown in FIG. 3D may reduce the amount ofdata in the compressed frame, thereby improving the compression ratioand coding efficiency of the original data, and improving thetransmission efficiency of the original data.

FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of the data processing method P200 forcompressing data. As mentioned previously, the data compression device200 may execute the data processing method P200. Specifically, a storagemedium in the data compression device 200 may store at least one set ofinstructions. The set of instructions may be configured to instruct thecompression processor 220 in the data compression device 200 to executethe data processing method P200. When the data compression device 200 isin operation, the compression processor 220 may read the set ofinstructions and execute the data processing method P200. The methodP200 may include:

S220: Select an original frame in original data.

A frame is the basic unit that makes up a data sequence. In dataprocessing, it is often calculated with frames as the basic unit. Theoriginal data may include one or more original frames. The originalframe may include original data of a preset number of bytes. Asmentioned above, the present application takes video data as an examplefor describing the invention. Therefore, the original data may beoriginal video data, and the original frame may be a frame image in theoriginal video data. In step S220, the data compression device 200 mayselect a part of frame images from the original data as the originalframe, or may select all of the frame images in the original data as theoriginal frame. The data compression device 200 may select the originalframe according to the specific original data application scenario. Ifthe original data is used in a scenario that does not require highprecision and compression quality, a part of the frame images may beselected as the original frame. For example, a surveillance camera in aquiet place may not have a foreign or new object come into thesurveillance images it takes in most of the time; accordingly, most ofthe frame of the surveillance images of such a place are the same orsimilar; therefore the data compression device 200 may select a part ofthe frame images as the original frame for compression and transmission.In another example, for a video of high-definition television, in orderto ensure a desirable viewing result, the data compression device 200may select all frames of images as the original frame for compressionand transmission.

S240: Perform a data compression operation on the original frame toobtain a compressed frame.

The data compression operation may include inputting anunder-compression-frame into an encoding spectrum-adjustor to perform anencoding spectrum-adjustment. The under-compression-frame includes theoriginal frame and any data state before the original frame becomes thecompressed frame after the data compression. The encodingspectrum-adjustment may refer to an adjustment on the amplitude of thespectrum map of the under-compression-frame. For example, the encodingspectrum-adjustment may be performed by an attenuator, and theattenuator may attenuate the amplitude of the under-compression-frame inthe frequency domain, thereby reducing the amount of data information inthe under-compression-frame. For example, the attenuator may beconfigured to reduce the amplitude of a selected area of theunder-compression-frame in the frequency domain, such as the amplitudeof the intermediate-frequency region, the amplitude of theintermediate-frequency to high-frequency region, etc. For differentforms of data, the sensitivity of the viewer or receiver to thefrequency may be different. Therefore, the data compression operationmay select different regions in the frequency domain for amplitudeattenuation according to different forms of data. As mentionedpreviously, when taking video data as an example, due to the richinformation present in the intermediate-frequency and high-frequencyregions, reducing the amplitude of the intermediate-frequency to thehigh-frequency region may visually blur the boundary data of theunder-compression-frame. A person of ordinary skill in the art wouldunderstand, as compared with the case without such a spectrumadjustment, the frequency component of the intermediate-frequency tohigh-frequency region in the intermediate state frame after the spectrumadjustment is reduced, and the amount of data information is alsoreduced. Therefore, the intermediate state frame that has undergone thespectrum adjustment may have a higher compression ratio in encoding.Moreover, the definition for a high-frequency region in different typesof data may be different. In some embodiments, the high frequency mayinclude the frequencies within a range of (0.33, 0.5] in the normalizedfrequency domain. For example, the high frequency may include thefrequencies within a range of (0.35, 0.5], (0.4, 0.5] or (0.45, 0.5] inthe normalized frequency domain.

In an example of video data compression, the data processing method P200may adopt a combination of encoding spectrum-adjustment and encoding tocompress the original frame, and smoothly reduce the amplitude of theintermediate-frequency to high-frequency region, so as to reduce theamount of data information, improve the compression ratio of video dataand the efficiency of video transmission. The under-compression-framemay include any data state of the original frame during the encodingspectrum-adjustment and encoding process, for example, the originalframe, the predictive value, the residual value, and the like.

As mentioned above, when the original frame is subjected to datacompression, the orders of the encoding spectrum-adjustment and theencoding may be exchanged, or they may be performed alternately. StepS240 may include at least one of the data compression methods shown inFIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D.

For easy description, the step S240 will be described in detail usingthe method shown in FIG. 3A as an example, that is, the compressionmethod includes: the data compression device 200 firstly performing theencoding spectrum-adjustment on the original frame, and then encoding(that is, performing prediction and finding the residual) the originalframe that has been processed in the encoding spectrum-adjustment. Inthis case, the data compression device 200 may firstly perform theencoding spectrum-adjustment on the original frame, so that theamplitude of the original frame in the intermediate-frequency tohigh-frequency region (including intermediate-frequency region andhigh-frequency region) in the frequency domain is smoothly reduced.Therefore, the boundary information of the original frame is blurred,and an encoding spectrum-adjustment frame is thus obtained to reduce theamount of data in the original frame, thereby reducing the spaceresources occupied by the original frame. The under-compression-frameincludes the encoding spectrum-adjustment frame. Next, the encodingspectrum-adjustment frame is encoded, that is, perform the predictionand find the residual; the encoding spectrum-adjustment frame is used inthe prediction to obtain a predictive value of the encodingspectrum-adjustment frame, and then the predictive value of the encodingspectrum-adjustment frame is subtracted from the initial value of theencoding spectrum-adjustment frame to obtain the residual value of theencoding spectrum-adjustment frame, and this residual value of theencoding spectrum-adjustment frame is the compressed frame. The dataprocessing method P200 may increase the encoding efficiency of theencoding spectrum-adjustment frame, further reduce the amount of data inthe compressed frame, improve the encoding efficiency, and increase thecompression ratio. Since the object of the encoding spectrum-adjustmentis the original frame, the under-compression-frame is the originalframe. In an example of video data, in step S240, the step of performingdata compression on the under-compression-frame (original frame) may beexecuted by at least one compression end processor 220 of the datacompression device 200.

S242: Perform the encoding spectrum-adjustment on theunder-compression-frame (original frame) to obtain the encodingspectrum-adjustment frame. In this case, the encodingspectrum-adjustment includes using an encoding convolution kernel toconvolve the under-compression-frame, so as to smoothly reduce theamplitude of the intermediate-frequency to high-frequency region(including intermediate-frequency region and high-frequency region) ofthe under-compression-frame. In step S242, the process of encodingspectrum-adjustment of the under-compression-frame may be executed by atleast one compression end processor 220 in the data compression device200.

S242-2: Determine the frame type of the original frame.

In an example of video data, a frame is the basic unit that makes up avideo data sequence. When processing video data, it is often calculatedwith frames as the basic unit. Moreover, when Recommendation ITU-TH.264/H.265 are used to encode video data, a frame is often used as thebasic unit for prediction and residual calculation. In the encodingprocess, a frame is often compressed into different types based on thespecific frame image. Therefore, before performing the encodingspectrum-adjustment on the under-compression-frame (original frame), thedata compression device 200 needs to determine the frame type of theoriginal frame, and the encoding convolution kernel for different frametypes may also be different.

For a video frame sequence, the specific frame types may include intrapredictive frame (I frame), forward predictive frame (P frame), andbidirectional predictive frame (B frame). For a sequence of frame withonly one frame, it is usually treated as an intra predictive frame (Iframe). An I frame is an encoded frame compressed within the full frame.When decoding, only the data of the I frame is needed in order toreconstruct the complete data without referring to other frames; it maybe used as a reference frame for subsequent frames. A P frame is anencoded frame that compresses the amount of transmitted data bysufficiently reducing the temporal redundancy information of thepreviously encoded frame in the image sequence. A P frame may beobtained by predicting according to the preceding P frame or I frame. Itcompresses the current frame according to the difference between thecurrent frame and the adjacent preceding frame or frames. Ajoint-compression method of P frame and I frame may achieve highercompression without the issue of significant compression trace. It onlyrefers to an adjacent preceding I frame or P-frame. A B frame compressesthe current frame according to the difference between the previousframes, the current frame, and the subsequent frames, that is, only thedifferences between the current frame and the preceding and subsequentframes are recorded. In general, I frames have the lowest compressionefficiency, P frames have higher compression efficiency, and B frameshave the highest compression efficiency. During encoding video data,some video frames may be compressed into I frames, some may becompressed into P frames, and others may be compressed into B frames.

The frame type of the original frame includes at least one of I frame, Pframe and B frame.

S242-4: Select, based on the frame type of the original frame, aconvolution kernel from a group of encoding convolution kernels as theencoding convolution kernel, and convolve the under-compression-frame toobtain an encoding spectrum-adjustment frame.

The spectrum adjustment on the under-compression-frame may be expressedas that the under-compression-frame is multiplied by a transfer functionH₁(ƒ) (i.e., encoding spectrum-adjustment function) in the frequencydomain, or a corresponding convolution calculation in the time domain.If the under-compression-frame is digitized data, the convolutionoperation may be performed by selecting an encoding convolution kernelcorresponding to the encoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ). Forthe convenience of description, the convolution in the time domain willbe used as an example to describe the spectrum adjustment. However, aperson skilled in the art should understand that the way of spectrumadjustment by multiplying the frequency domain by the encodingspectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ) is also within the scope ofprotection of the present application.

As described above, the encoding spectrum-adjustment on theunder-compression-frame may be performed as a convolution of theunder-compression-frame in the time domain. The storage medium of thedata compression device 200 may store multiple encodingspectrum-adjustors, that is, a group of encoding spectrum-adjustors, inwhich each encoding spectrum-adjustor includes an encoding convolutionkernel. That is to say, the storage medium of the data compressiondevice 200 may include a group of encoding convolution kernels, and thegroup of encoding convolution kernels may include at least oneconvolution kernel. When the data compression device 200 convolves theunder-compression-frame, it may select a convolution kernel from thegroup of encoding convolution kernels as the encoding convolution kernelbased on the frame type of the under-compression-frame corresponding tothe original frame, and then perform the convolution on theunder-compression-frame. When the under-compression-frame correspondingto the original frame is an I frame or a P frame, the process ofconvolving the I frame or P frame by the data compression device 200 mayinclude: selecting a convolution kernel from the group of encodingconvolution kernels as the encoding convolution kernel, and thenperforming the convolution on the I frame or P frame. Any one of theconvolution kernels in the convolution kernel group may smoothly reducethe amplitude of the I-frame or P-frame of the intermediate-frequency tohigh-frequency region (including intermediate-frequency region andhigh-frequency region) in the frequency domain. The data compressiondevice 200 may also select a convolution kernel with the bestcompression effect from the group of encoding convolution kernels as theencoding convolution kernel according to the encoding qualityrequirements of the original frame. When the under-compression-frame (inthis embodiment, the original frame) corresponding to the original frameis a B frame, the encoding convolution kernel of theunder-compression-frame is the same as the encoding convolution kernelof an under-compression-frame corresponding to a reference frame closestto the under-compression-frame, or the encoding convolution kernel ofthe under-compression-frame is the same as the encoding convolutionkernel used in the reference frame of the under-compression-frame withthe best effect on amplitude reduction. In this way, the effect ofreducing the amplitude of the under-compression-frame (original frame)is better, and the effect of encoding spectrum-adjustment is better, sothat the compression ratio of the video data is higher.

FIG. 5A shows a graph of an encoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ)provided according to an embodiment of the present application. As shownin FIG. 5A, the horizontal axis is the normalized frequency f, and thevertical axis is the amplitude adjustment gain H₁ of the encodingspectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ). Curve 1 and curve 2 in FIG. 5Arepresent different encoding spectrum-adjustment functions H₁(ƒ)corresponding to different encoding convolution kernels. The normalizedfrequency f of the horizontal axis may be divided into low-frequencyregion, medium-low-frequency region, intermediate-frequency region,medium-high-frequency region and high-frequency region. As shown in FIG.5A, the maximum value of the normalized frequency on the horizontal axisis 0.5. As mentioned above, the high-frequency region may include thefrequencies between (a, 0.5] in the normalized frequency domain, where ais the lower frequency limit of the high-frequency region. For example,a may be any one among 0.33, 0.34, 0.35, 0.36, 0.37, 0.38, 0.39, 0.4,0.41, 0.42, 0.43, 0.44, and 0.45 in the normalized frequency domain. Theintermediate-frequency region may include a frequency between (b, c],where b is the lower frequency limit of the intermediate-frequencyregion, and c is the upper frequency limit of the intermediate-frequencyregion. For example, the lower frequency limit b of theintermediate-frequency region may be any frequency among 0.05, 0.06,0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.1, 0.11, 0.12, 0.13, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18,0.19 and 0.2 in the normalized frequency domain. The upper frequencylimit c of the intermediate-frequency region may be any frequency among0.33, 0.32, 0.31, 0.3, 0.29, 0.28, 0.27, 0.26 and 0.25 in the normalizedfrequency domain. The low-frequency region may include the frequencybetween [0, d] in the normalized frequency domain, where d is the upperfrequency limit of the low-frequency region. The upper frequency limit dof the low-frequency region may be any frequency among 0.01, 0.02, 0.03,0.04 and 0.05 in the normalized frequency domain. In the case where thelow-frequency region is not connected to the intermediate-frequencyregion, the frequency region between the two is referred to as themedium-low-frequency region. Moreover, in the case where theintermediate-frequency region is not connected to the high-frequencyregion, the frequency region between the two is referred to as themedium-high frequencies region.

As shown in FIG. 5A, the encoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ)used in the encoding spectrum-adjustment is greater than zero for theamplitude adjustment gain H₁ of the under-compression-frame (originalframe) at any frequency fin the frequency domain. The amplitude valuesof all frequencies processed by the encoding spectrum-adjustmentfunction H₁(ƒ) are also greater than zero, and this no data of anyfrequency will be lost. Therefore, when the compressed data isdecompressed, the data in all frequency ranges may be restored.Otherwise, if there is a zero point in the encoding spectrum-adjustmentfunction H₁(ƒ), the data of the frequency part corresponding to the zeropoint may be lost, and the decoding end cannot restore the lost dataduring decompression. As a result, the original data cannot be fullyrestored. As mentioned above, the original frame is defined as P₀, andthe encoding spectrum-adjustment frame obtained by processing theoriginal frame by the encoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ) isdefined as P₁, and thus the relationship between P₀ and P₁ may beexpressed as formula (1):P ₁ =H ₁(ƒ)·P ₀  formula (1)

In an example of video data, since human eyes are more sensitive to thedata in the intermediate- to low-frequency region than the data in thehigh-frequency region, when performing the encoding spectrum-adjustmenton the original frame of the video data, the information in theintermediate-frequency to low-frequency region in the original frameshould be retained as much as possible, and the amplitude gain of theintermediate-frequency and low-frequency region should be relativelystable. The information from the intermediate-frequency to thelow-frequency region is retained as stable and complete as possible, sothat the information from the intermediate-frequency to low-frequencyregion may be better restored during decompressing. Furthermore, inorder to ensure that the amplitude adjustment gain H₂ in the decodingspectrum-adjustment function H₂(ƒ) used when the video data isdecompressed is not too large, the attenuation of the encodingspectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ) in the intermediate-frequency tolow-frequency region cannot be too large. The relationship between H₂(ƒ)and H₁(ƒ) will be introduced in the following description. Since humaneyes are relatively insensitive to the high-frequency data, when theencoding spectrum-adjustment is performed on the original frame of thevideo data, the amplitude of the high-frequency part may be attenuatedto a greater extent, so as to greatly reduce the amplitude in thehigh-frequency region. In this way, the data information contained inthe original frame may be reduced, and the compression ratio and codingefficiency may be improved.

Therefore, the encoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ) used by theencoding spectrum-adjustment may smoothly reduce the amplitude of theunder-compression-frame in the intermediate-frequency to high-frequencyregion (including intermediate-frequency region and high-frequencyregion) within the frequency domain. In some embodiments, the encodingspectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ) used by the encodingspectrum-adjustment may smoothly reduce the amplitude of theunder-compression-frame in the high-frequency region within thefrequency domain. The smooth decrease of the amplitude may be that theamplitude is attenuated by a first amplitude adjustment gain value, orthat the amplitude is attenuated within a certain error range around thefirst amplitude adjustment gain value. For example, the first amplitudeadjustment gain may be any value between 0 and 1. For example, the firstamplitude adjustment gain may be within any two specified intervalsamong 0, 0.08, 0.08, 0.12, 0.16, 0.20, 0.24, 0.28, 0.32, 0.36, 0.40,0.44, 0.48, 0.52, 0.56, 0.60, 0.64, 0.68, 0.72, 0.76, 0.80, 0.84, 0.88,0.92, 0.96 and 1. In addition, the error range may be within any twospecified intervals among 0, ±1%, ±2%, ±3%, ±4%, ±5%, ±6%, ±7%, ±8%,±9%, ±10%, ±11%, ±12%, ±13%, ±14%, ±15%, ±16%, ±17%, ±18%, ±19%, ±20%,±21%, ±22%, ±23%, ±24%, ±25%, ±26%, ±27%, ±28%, ±29%, ±30%, etc. Asshown in FIG. 5A, the first amplitude adjustment gain of the encodingspectrum-adjustment in the high-frequency region (probably in the rangeof 0.4 to 0.5) is around 0.2.

In some embodiments, the encoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ)used by the encoding spectrum-adjustment may smoothly reduce theamplitude of the under-compression-frame in the intermediate-frequencyregion within the frequency domain. The amplitude adjustment gain of theunder-compression-frame in the intermediate-frequency region for theencoding spectrum-adjustment is a second amplitude adjustment gain. Insome embodiments, the value of the second amplitude adjustment gain maybe greater than that of the first amplitude adjustment gain, as shown inFIG. 5A. When the encoding spectrum-adjustment is frequency attenuation(that is, when the encoding spectrum-adjustor is a frequencyattenuator), both the first amplitude adjustment gain and the secondamplitude adjustment gain are less than 1. That is to say, the reducingdegree of the amplitude in the intermediate-frequency region of theunder-compression-frame made in the encoding spectrum-adjustment may belower than that in the high-frequency region.

Further, in the case where the high-frequency region is not connected tothe intermediate-frequency region, the encoding spectrum-adjustmentfunction H₁(ƒ) may also adjust the amplitude in themedium-high-frequency region of the under-compression-frame in thefrequency domain. The change of the amplitude adjustment gain in themedium-high-frequency region is smooth and continuous.

The encoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ) may also retain thedirect current part, that is, the amplitude adjustment gain in the partwhere the frequency is 0 is 1, so as to ensure that the basicinformation in the original frame has been retained. The average valueinformation may be obtained during data decompression in order torestore the original data. Hence, reducing degree of the amplitude inthe low-frequency region made by the encoding spectrum-adjustmentfunction H₁(ƒ) used in the encoding spectrum-adjustment is lower thanthat in the intermediate-frequency region. However, when the amplitudegain of the direct current part (that is, the part with a frequency of0) is not 1, the original data may also be restored by designingappropriate H₂(ƒ).

In addition, the encoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ) may alsosmoothly reduce the amplitude in the low-frequency region of theunder-compression-frame within the frequency domain. In this case, theamplitude adjustment gain of the encoding spectrum-adjustment to thelow-frequency region of the under-compression-frame is a third amplitudeadjustment gain. The value of the third amplitude adjustment gain may begreater than that of the second amplitude adjustment gain. When theencoding spectrum-adjustment is frequency attenuation (that is, when theencoding spectrum-adjustor is a frequency attenuator), the thirdamplitude adjustment gain and the second amplitude adjustment gain areboth less than 1. That is to say, the reducing degree of the amplitudein the low-frequency region of the under-compression-frame made in theencoding spectrum-adjustment may be lower than that in theintermediate-frequency region.

Further, in the case where the low-frequency region is not connected tothe intermediate-frequency region, the encoding spectrum-adjustmentfunction H₁(ƒ) may also adjust the amplitude in the medium-low-frequencyregion of the under-compression-frame in the frequency domain. Thechange of the amplitude adjustment gain in the medium-low-frequencyregion is smooth and continuous.

As shown in the graph of the encoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ)in FIG. 5A, the frequencies between (0, 0.05] belong to the lowfrequency and medium-low frequency; the frequencies between (0.05, 0.33]belong to the intermediate frequency; the frequencies between (0.33,0.4] belongs to medium-high frequency; and the frequencies between (0.4,0.5) belong to the high-frequency. The third amplitude adjustment gainH₁ of the low-frequency region is greater than the second amplitudeadjustment gain H₁ of the intermediate-frequency region. The secondamplitude adjustment gain H₁ of the intermediate-frequency region isgreater than the first amplitude adjustment gain H₁ of thehigh-frequency region. The second amplitude adjustment gain H₁ of theintermediate-frequency region is relatively stable, curve 1 is about0.5, and curve 2 is about 0.6. The first amplitude adjustment gain H₁ ofthe high-frequency region is also relatively stable, curve 1 is slightlylower than 0.2, and curve 2 is slightly higher than 0.2. The curve ofthe encoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ) may be a smooth curve ora non-smooth curve. In engineering implementation, on the basis ofachieving amplitude reduction, the curve of the encodingspectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ) may be allowed to fluctuate within asmall range, and such a fluctuation may not affect the effect ofcompression. For data other than video data, the parameters of theencoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ) may be set according to thereceiver's sensitivity to the data. For different forms of data, thereceiver's sensitivity to frequency may also be different.

FIG. 5B shows a graph of an encoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ)according to an embodiment of the present application. Curve 3 and curve4 in FIG. 5B represent different encoding spectrum-adjustment functionsH₁(ƒ) corresponding to different encoding convolution kernels. As far asvideo data is concerned, in some special application scenarios, it maybe necessary to properly retain more high-frequency components, such asin certain reconnaissance scenarios. Therefore, in some embodiments, inthe encoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ) curve, the firstamplitude adjustment gain H₁ may be greater than the second amplitudeadjustment gain (curve 3), or equal to the second amplitude adjustmentgain (curve 4).

With regard to video data, in some application scenarios that do notrequire high image quality, high-frequency components may be completelyfiltered out. Therefore, the amplitude adjustment gain H₁ of theencoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ) used in the encodingspectrum-adjustment in the low-frequency to medium-high-frequency regionof the under-compression-frame (original frame) in the frequency domainwould be greater than zero. The amplitude adjustment gain H₁ in thehigh-frequency region may be equal to 0 (not shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B).

It should be noted that the curves shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B are onlydescribed using video data as an example. A person skilled in the artwould understand that the curve of the encoding spectrum-adjustmentfunction H₁(ƒ) is not limited to the forms shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B. Allof the encoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ) that may smoothlyreduce the amplitude of the intermediate-frequency region of theoriginal frame in the frequency domain, an encoding spectrum-adjustmentfunction linear combination H₁(ƒ)=Σ_(i=1) ^(n)k_(i)H_(1i)(ƒ), anencoding spectrum-adjustment function product combination H₁(ƒ)=Π_(j=1)^(n)k_(j)H_(1j)(ƒ), and a combination of an linear combination and aproduct combination are within the scope of protection of the presentapplication, where i≥1, H₁(ƒ)=Σ_(i=1) ^(n)k_(i)H_(1i)(ƒ) represents thelinear combination of n functions, H_(1i)(ƒ) represents the i-thfunction, k_(i) represents the weight corresponding to the i-thfunction, j≥1, H₁(ƒ)=Π_(j=1) ^(n)k_(j)H_(1j)(ƒ) represents the productcombination of n functions, k_(j) represents the weight corresponding tothe j-th function, and H_(1j)(ƒ) may be any function.

FIG. 6 shows a parameter table of a group of encoding convolutionkernels provided according to an embodiment of the present application.FIG. 6 exemplarily lists the parameters of a group of encodingconvolution kernels, where each line in FIG. 6 represents an encodingconvolution kernel. For video images, it is necessary to ensure that thegray values of pixels in the encoding spectrum-adjustment frame obtainedafter encoding convolution is within the range of 0 to 255. Therefore,in this embodiment, it is necessary to divide the convolution result by256. The group of encoding convolution kernels may be obtained byFourier transform based on the encoding spectrum-adjustment functionH₁(ƒ). FIG. 6 is only an exemplary illustration. A person skilled in theart would know that the group of encoding convolution kernels is notlimited to the parameters shown in FIG. 6 . All types of groups ofencoding convolution kernels that may make the amplitude of theintermediate-frequency region of the original frame in the frequencydomain smoothly decrease fall within the scope of protection of thepresent application.

When the data compression device 200 uses the encoding convolutionkernel to convolve the under-compression-frame, the convolution of theunder-compression-frame (original frame) may be made in at least one ofa vertical direction, a horizontal direction and an oblique direction.

S244: Encode (performing the prediction and finding the residual) theencoding spectrum-adjustment frame to obtain a compressed frame.

After the data compression device 200 performs the encodingspectrum-adjustment on the original frame, an encodingspectrum-adjustment frame is obtained. The frequency components of theintermediate frequency to high frequency in the encodingspectrum-adjustment frame are smaller than the frequency components ofthe intermediate frequency to high frequency in the original frame. Thedata compression device 200 encodes the encoding spectrum-adjustmentframe to obtain the compressed frame. The data compression device 200may improve the encoding efficiency of the encoding spectrum-adjustmentframe by performing the encoding spectrum-adjustment on theunder-compression-frame (original frame), thereby increasing thecompression ratio of the original frame and the transmission efficiencyof the original data.

FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of the data processing method P300 fordecompressing a compressed frame. As described previously, the datadecompression device 300 may execute the data processing method P300.Specifically, the storage medium in the data decompression device 300may store at least one set of instructions. The set of instructions isconfigured to instruct the decompression processor in the datadecompression device 300 to complete the data processing method P300.When the data decompression device 300 is in operation, thedecompression processor may read the set of instructions and execute thedata processing method P300. The method P300 may include:

S320: Obtain compressed data, where the compressed data include thecompressed frame.

The compressed data may include the compressed frame obtained byperforming data compression on the original frame in the original datathrough the data processing method P200. The compressed data may includeone or more compressed frames. As mentioned earlier, in the presentapplication, a frame is the basic unit that makes up a data sequence. Indata processing, it is often calculated with the frame as a basic unit.When the data processing method P200 is executed by the data compressiondevice 200 to compress data, the original data is compressed in framesas the basic unit. When the data decompression device 300 decompressesthe compressed frame, the data decompression may also be performed alsousing frames as the basic unit. The data compression includes performingthe encoding spectrum-adjustment on the original frame.

S340: Perform data decompression on the compressed frame to obtain adecompressed frame.

The data decompression refers to performing decompression calculation onthe compressed frame to obtain a decompressed frame, so that thedecompressed frame may restore or substantially restore the originaldata, or the decompressed frame is clearer than the original data. Thedata decompression includes performing the decoding spectrum-adjustmentof an under-decompression-frame, and the under-decompression-frameincludes the compressed frame and any data state before the compressedframe becomes the decompressed frame during the decompression process.

The feature that the decoding spectrum-adjustment corresponding to theencoding spectrum-adjustment refers to inputting theunder-decompression-frame into a decoding spectrum-adjustor to performspectrum adjustment. The decoding spectrum-adjustment may enable theunder-decompression-frame after the encoding spectrum-adjustment to becompletely restored or approximately restored to the state before theencoding spectrum-adjustment without considering calculation errors. Asmentioned previously, the encoding spectrum-adjustment may attenuate theamplitude of the under-compression-frame in its frequency domain in theintermediate-frequency to high-frequency region (includingintermediate-frequency region and high-frequency region), so that theboundary data of under-compression-frame is blurred to reduce the amountof data generated by encoding. The decoding spectrum-adjustment mayrestore or even enhance the data after the encoding spectrum-adjustment.The decoding spectrum-adjustment may restore the amplitude of thesensitive frequency in the under-decompression-frame to the state beforeattenuation. In an example of video data, since human eyes are sensitiveto the intermediate-frequency information and low-frequency informationin an image, the decoding spectrum-adjustment may restore or evenenhance the amplitude of the intermediate-frequency region and thelow-frequency region in the video data. In the video data, since humaneyes are relatively insensitive to high-frequency data, the decodingspectrum-adjustment may not restore the amplitude of the high-frequencyregion, so that the amplitude of the high-frequency region remainsattenuated. Therefore, the decoding convolution kernel and the decodingspectrum-adjustment function H₂(ƒ) used in the decodingspectrum-adjustment are associated with the encoding convolution kerneland the encoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ) used in the encodingspectrum-adjustment. This association relationship will be described indetail in the following description.

Similar to the encoding spectrum-adjustment, the decodingspectrum-adjustment may perform convolution in the time domain to adjustthe frequency spectrum of the under-decompression-frame using thedecoding spectrum-adjustment function H₂(ƒ) (that is, the decodingtransfer function) in the frequency domain. By way of selecting thecorresponding decoding spectrum-adjustment function H₂(ƒ) and thedecoding convolution kernel, the two methods may achieve the sameeffect. For the convenience of description, the present application willdescribe the decoding spectrum-adjustment by performing convolution inthe time domain as an example. However, a person skilled in the artwould understand that the way to perform spectrum adjustment bymultiplying the frequency domain by the decoding spectrum-adjustmentfunction H₂(ƒ) is also within the scope of protection of the presentapplication.

In an example of video data, the data processing method P200 may use acombination of encoding spectrum-adjustment and encoding to compress theoriginal frame to further increase the compression ratio of video data,and improve the efficiency of video transmission. In the videodecompression technology, the data processing method P300 may use acombination of decoding (that is, restoring the under-compression-framebased on the residual value and predictive value) and decodingspectrum-adjustment to decompress the compressed frame to restore thedata in the compressed frame. The under-decompression-frame may includethe compressed frame and any one of the data states during the processin which the compressed frame is subjected to the decodingspectrum-adjustment and decoding. For example, theunder-decompression-frame may be the compressed frame, or a decodedframe obtained by decoding, and so on.

The data decompression operation may be a symmetrically-reverseoperation of the compression operation. As mentioned above, the encodingspectrum-adjustment may be performed at any stage of the compressionoperation. Accordingly, the decoding spectrum-adjustment may also beperformed at a corresponding stage of the decompression operation. Forexample, the data decompression operation, that is, step S340, mayinclude at least one of the data decompression methods shown in FIGS.3A, 3B, 3C and 3D.

For the convenience of description, the present application will takethe data decompression device 300 to decode the compressed frame andthen perform the decoding spectrum-adjustment (the way shown in FIGS. 3Aand 3D) as an example to describe the data decompression in detail. Instep S340, the data decompression of the compressed frame includes thedata decompression device 300 performing the following operationsthrough at least one decompression-end processor:

S342: Decode the compressed frame to obtain a decoded frame.

The compressed frame may be obtained by encoding the spectrum adjustmentframe with the data compression device 200. The data decompressiondevice 300 may decode the compressed frame to obtain the decoded frame.Because there may be certain errors in the encoding and decodingprocesses, the data in the decoded frame and the encodingspectrum-adjustment frame may be basically consistent. Since the decodedframe is the data generated after decoding the compressed frame, thedecoded frame belongs to the under-decompression-frame.

S344: Perform the decoding spectrum-adjustment on the decoded frame toobtain a decompressed frame.

The decoding spectrum-adjustment includes performing convolution of theunder-decompression-frame (decoded frame) using the correspondingdecoding convolution kernel based on the encoding convolution kernel,such that the data in the decoded frame is restored or substantiallyrestored to the data in the original frame. In step S344, the process ofperforming the decoding spectrum-adjustment on the decoded frame may beexecuted by at least one compression-end processor 320 of the datadecompression device 300.

S344-2: Determine the frame type of the decoded frame.

As mentioned above, during the process of compressing the originalframe, the data compression device 200 encodes the original frame orencoding spectrum-adjustment frame into different types. Therefore,before performing the decoding spectrum-adjustment on the decoded frame,the data decompression device 300 needs to determine the frame type ofthe decoded frame. The decoding convolution kernel for different frametypes may also be different. The frame type of the decoded frame mayinclude at least one of an I frame, a P frame and a B frame. The frametype of the decoded frame may include only one frame type, or mayinclude a plurality of frame types at the same time. The method fordetermining the frame type of the decoded frame is relatively mature,and it is not the focus of the present application, so it will not berepeated herein.

S344-4: Select, based on the frame type of the decoded frame, aconvolution kernel from a group of decoding convolution kernels as thedecoding convolution kernel, and convolve the decoded frame.

As described above, the decoding spectrum-adjustment on the decodedframe may be the convolution of the decoded frame in the time domain.The data decompression device 300 storage medium may store multipledifferent decoding convolution kernels, which thus are referred to asthe group of decoding convolution kernels. Each encoding convolutionkernel corresponds to at least one decoding convolution kernel in thegroup of decoding convolution kernels. When the data decompressiondevice 300 performs convolution on the decoded frame, it may select aconvolution kernel from the group of decoding convolution kernels as thedecoding convolution kernel based on the frame type of the decodedframe, and then perform the decoded frame convolution. The operation ofconvolution of the under-decompression-frame using the decodingconvolution kernel may be referred to as a decoding spectrum-adjustor.In the case where the decoded frame is an I frame or a P frame, theprocess of convolving the I frame or P frame by the data decompressiondevice 300 may include: selecting any convolution kernel from the groupof decoding convolution kernels as the decoding convolution kernel, andthen performing the convolution of the I frame or P frame. The datadecompression device 300 may also select a convolution kernel with thebest decompression effect from the group of decoding convolution kernelsas the decoding convolution kernel according to the decoding qualityrequirements for the decoded frame. In the case where the decoded frameis a B frame, the decoding convolution kernel of the decoded frame maybe the same as the decoding convolution kernel of a reference frameclosest to the decoded frame, alternatively, the decoding convolutionkernel of the decoded frame may be the same as the decoding convolutionkernel of a reference frame of the decoded frame with the best datarestoration effect.

The data decompression device 300 may convolve the decoded frame in atleast one of a vertical direction, a horizontal direction and an obliquedirection when using the decoding convolution kernel to convolve thedecoded frame. The convolution direction of the decoded frame is thesame as that of the original frame, and the convolution order of thedecoded frame is opposite to that of the original frame. If the originalframe undergoes convolution in the vertical direction alone, the decodedframe may also have the convolution in the vertical direction alone.Similarly, if the original frame only undergoes convolution in thehorizontal direction or the oblique direction, then the decoded framemay also have the convolution in the horizontal direction or the obliquedirection. If the original frame undergoes convolution in multipledirections, the decoded frame may also have the convolution in multipledirections, and the directions and order of the decoded frame duringconvolution are opposite to those of the original frame convolution. Forexample, if the original frame is firstly convolved in the verticaldirection and then in the horizontal direction, the decoded frame isfirstly convolved in the horizontal direction and then in the verticaldirection.

S344-6: Based on the convolution result of the decoded frame, obtain thedecompressed frame.

For the convenience of description, the expression of the decoded frameis defined as P₂. As mentioned above, if the deviations caused by theencoding and decoding process are small, the data in the decoded frameand the encoding spectrum-adjustment frame are basically consistent toeach other. Therefore, the relationship between P₁ and P₂ may beexpressed as formula (2) below:P ₂ ≈P ₁  formula (2)

For the convenience of description, the convolution result of thedecoded frame is defined as P₃. P₃ is obtained through the convolutionof the decoded frame by the decoding convolution kernel. The decodingspectrum-adjustment function H₂(ƒ) corresponds to the decodingconvolution kernel. Thus, the relationship between P₃ and P₂ may beexpressed as formula (3):P ₃ =H ₂(ƒ)·P ₂ ≈H ₂(ƒ)·P ₁ ≈H ₂(ƒ)·H ₁(ƒ)·P ₀  formula (3)

As mentioned previously, the decompressed frame is defined as P₄. Sincethe selection of H₂(ƒ) is based on H₁(ƒ), while the design of H₁(ƒ)retains all of the frequency information of P₀, theoretically, withoutconsidering the deviation caused by other algorithms, P₄ is able torestore all frequency information in P₀. That is to say, the datadecompression may restore or even enhance the data subjected to the datacompression at any frequency in the entire spectrum. In an example ofvideo data, because human eyes are more sensitive to the information inthe region from the intermediate frequency to low frequency, theinformation of the intermediate frequency to low frequency of thedecompressed frame should be completely restored or even enhanced.Therefore, the amplitude P₄ for the intermediate-frequency tolow-frequency region should be greater than or equal to P₀. As humaneyes are less sensitive to the information in the high-frequency region,the information in the high-frequency region of the decompressed framemay be attenuated to suppress unnecessary high-frequency noise.Therefore, P₄ should be greater than P₀. The relationship between P₀ andP₄ may be expressed as formula (4) below:

$\begin{matrix}\begin{Bmatrix}{{P_{4} \geq P_{0}},} & \left( {f \leq f_{0}} \right) \\{{P_{4} < P_{0}},} & \left( {f > f_{0}} \right)\end{Bmatrix} & {{formula}\mspace{14mu}(4)}\end{matrix}$

For the convenience of description, the overall spectrum adjustmentfunction between P₀ and P₄ is defined as H₀(ƒ), then the relationshipbetween P₀ and P₄ may be expressed as formula (5):

$\begin{matrix}\begin{Bmatrix}{{P_{4} \geq {{H_{0}(f)} \cdot P_{0}}},} & \left( {f \leq f_{0}} \right) \\{{P_{4} < {{H_{0}(f)} \cdot P_{0}}},} & \left( {f > f_{0}} \right)\end{Bmatrix} & {{formula}\mspace{14mu}(5)}\end{matrix}$

Then, the overall spectrum adjustment function H₀(ƒ) may be expressed asformula (6):

$\begin{matrix}\begin{Bmatrix}{{{H_{0}(f)} \geq 1},} & \left( {f \leq f_{0}} \right) \\{{{H_{0}(f)} < 1},} & \left( {f > f_{0}} \right)\end{Bmatrix} & {{formula}\mspace{14mu}(6)}\end{matrix}$

Where, ƒ₀ is the cut-off value of the human eye's sensitive frequency.For video data, ƒ₀ may be 0.33 or other values larger or smaller than0.33. For different types of data, the value of ƒ₀ may be different.

It should be noted that the data decompression device 300 obtains thedecompressed frame based on the convolution result P₃ of the decodedframe, which may be implemented by different decodingspectrum-adjustment functions H₂(ƒ) and different processing methods.

In some embodiments, the data decompression device 300 may directly usethe convolution result P₃ of the decoded frame as the decompressedframe, where the relationship between P₃ and P₄ may be expressed asformula (7):

$\begin{matrix}\begin{Bmatrix}{{P_{4} = {P_{3} = {{{H_{2}(f)} \cdot {H_{1}(f)} \cdot P_{0}} \geq P_{0}}}},} & \left( {f \leq f_{0}} \right) \\{{P_{4} = {P_{3} = {{{H_{2}(f)} \cdot {H_{1}(f)} \cdot P_{0}} < P_{0}}}},} & \left( {f > f_{0}} \right)\end{Bmatrix} & {{formula}\mspace{14mu}(7)}\end{matrix}$

In this case, the relationship between the encoding spectrum-adjustmentfunction H₁(ƒ) corresponding to the encoding convolution kernel and thedecoding spectrum-adjustment function H₂(ƒ) corresponding to thedecoding convolution kernel may be expressed as formula (8):

$\begin{matrix}\begin{Bmatrix}{{{H_{0}(f)} = {{{H_{1}(f)} \cdot {H_{2}(f)}} \geq 1}},} & \left( {f \leq f_{0}} \right) \\{{{H_{0}(f)} = {{{H_{1}(f)} \cdot {H_{2}(f)}} < 1}},} & \left( {f > f_{0}} \right)\end{Bmatrix} & {{formula}\mspace{14mu}(8)}\end{matrix}$

Therefore, the relationship between H₁(ƒ) and H₂(ƒ) may be expressed asformula (9):

$\begin{matrix}\begin{Bmatrix}{{{H_{2}(f)} \geq {1/{H_{1}(f)}}},} & \left( {f \leq f_{0}} \right) \\{{{H_{2}(f)} < {1/{H_{1}(f)}}},} & \left( {f > f_{0}} \right)\end{Bmatrix} & {{formula}\mspace{14mu}(9)}\end{matrix}$

FIG. 8 shows a graph of an overall adjustment function H₀(ƒ), anencoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ), and a decodingspectrum-adjustment function H₂(ƒ) provided according to an embodimentof the present application. The relationship between H₀(ƒ), H₁(ƒ), andH₂(ƒ) shown in FIG. 8 is the relationship represented by formula (8). Asshown in FIG. 8 , the horizontal axis is the normalized frequency f, andthe vertical axis is the amplitude adjustment gain H. In an example ofvideo data, since human eyes are sensitive to the information fromintermediate frequency to low frequency, the information in the spectrumadjustment function H₀(ƒ) is completely retained or even enhanced forthe information from intermediate-frequency to low-frequency region. Thespectrum adjustment function H₀(ƒ) for the intermediate-frequency tolow-frequency region has an amplitude adjustment gain greater than orequal to 1, and the data from the intermediate-frequency tolow-frequency region in the decompressed frame may be substantiallyrestored to the data in the original frame. Since human eyes arerelatively insensitive to the high-frequency information, theinformation in the high-frequency region may be attenuated by thespectrum adjustment function H₀(ƒ) so as to suppress the unnecessaryhigh-frequency noise.

In some application scenarios, such as certain reconnaissance scenarios,the frequency range of ƒ>ƒ₀ also needs to be restored or enhanced, therelationship between H₁(ƒ) and H₂(ƒ) may be expressed as formula (10)and formula (11):

$\begin{matrix}\begin{Bmatrix}{{H_{0}(f)} =} & {{{{H_{1}(f)} \cdot {H_{2}(f)}} \geq 1},} & \left( {f \leq f_{0}} \right) \\{{H_{0}(f)} =} & {{{{H_{1}(f)} \cdot {H_{2}(f)}} \geq 1},} & \left( {f > f_{0}} \right)\end{Bmatrix} & {{formula}\mspace{14mu}(10)} \\\begin{Bmatrix}{{{H_{2}(f)} \geq {1/{H_{1}(f)}}},} & \left( {f \leq f_{0}} \right) \\{{{H_{2}(f)} \geq {1/{H_{1}(f)}}},} & \left( {f > f_{0}} \right)\end{Bmatrix} & {{formula}\mspace{14mu}(11)}\end{matrix}$

It should be noted that the curves shown in FIG. 8 are only an exemplarydescription, and a person skilled in the art would understand that thecurves of H₀(ƒ), H₁(ƒ), and H₂(ƒ) are not limited to the forms shown inFIG. 8 . All H₀(ƒ), H₁(ƒ) and H₂(ƒ) curves that are in line with theformula (8) or formula (10) are within the scope of protection of thepresent application. It should be pointed out that all the linearcombination of decoding spectrum-adjustment function H₂(ƒ)=Σ_(i=1)^(n)k_(i)H_(2i)(ƒ), the product combination of encodingspectrum-adjustment function H₂(ƒ)=Π_(j=1)k_(j)H_(2j)(ƒ), or thecombination of linear combination and product combination in line withformula (8) or formula (10) fall within the scope of protection of thepresent application, where i≥1, H₂(ƒ)=Σ_(i=1) ^(n)k_(i)H_(2i)(ƒ)represents the linear combination of n functions, H_(2i)(ƒ) representsthe i-th function, and ki represents the weight corresponding to thei-th function. j≥1, H₂(ƒ)=Π_(j=1) ^(n)k_(j)H_(2j)(ƒ) represents theproduct combination of n functions, k_(j) represents the weightcorresponding to the j-th function, and H_(2j)(ƒ) may be any function.

The data processing method P300 provided by the present application mayalso obtain the boundary information of the decoded frame through thedecoding spectrum-adjustment function H₃(ƒ), and superimpose theboundary information of the decoded frame on the decoded frame to obtainthe decompressed frame, as shown in FIG. 3D. The data decompressiondevice 300 may restore or enhance the boundary information of thedecoded frame by adjusting the spectrum adjustment function H₃(ƒ). Thus,the data in the decompressed frame may be restored or enhanced. As shownin FIG. 3D, the process of data compression is consistent with themethod shown in FIG. 3A, and will not be repeated here in. As shown inFIG. 3D, in order to obtain the decompressed frame by the datadecompression device 300, step S344-6 may be executed by at least onedecompression-end processor of the data decompression device 300.

S344-7: Obtain boundary data P₃ of the decoded frame P₂ based on theconvolution result P₃ of the decoded frame.

Therefore, the curve of H₃(ƒ) should be designed to express the boundaryinformation of P₂.

S344-8: Superimpose the boundary data P₃ of the decoded frame on thedecoded frame P₂ to obtain the decompressed frame P₄.

Then the amplitude P₄ of the decompressed frame of the decompressedframe may be expressed as formula (12):

                                 formula  (12) $\begin{Bmatrix}{P_{4} = {{P_{2} + {aP_{3}}} = {{\left( {{H_{1}(f)} + {a{{H_{3}(f)} \cdot {H_{1}(f)}}}} \right) \cdot P_{0}} \geq P_{0}}}} & \left( {f \leq f_{0}} \right) \\{P_{4} = {{P_{2} + {aP_{3}}} = {{\left( {{H_{1}(f)} + {a{{H_{3}(f)} \cdot {H_{1}(f)}}}} \right) \cdot P_{0}} < P_{0}}}} & \left( {f > f_{0}} \right)\end{Bmatrix}$

Where, α is the boundary enhancement coefficient, indicating the degreeof boundary enhancement to the original frame P₀. α may be a constant ora function.

In this case, the relationship between the encoding spectrum-adjustmentfunction H₁(ƒ) corresponding to the encoding convolution kernel and thedecoding spectrum-adjustment function H₃(ƒ) corresponding to thedecoding convolution kernel may be expressed as formula (13):

$\begin{matrix}\begin{Bmatrix}{{{H_{0}(f)} = {{{a{{H_{1}(f)} \cdot {H_{3}(f)}}} + {H_{1}(f)}} \geq 1}},} & \left( {f \leq f_{0}} \right) \\{{{H_{0}(f)} = {{{a{{H_{1}(f)} \cdot {H_{3}(f)}}} + {H_{1}(f)}} < 1}},} & \left( {f > f_{0}} \right)\end{Bmatrix} & {{formula}\mspace{14mu}(13)}\end{matrix}$

By means of adjusting the boundary enhancement coefficient a, H₀(ƒ) maybe quickly adjusted without changing H₁(ƒ) and H₃(ƒ).

Therefore, the relationship between H₁(ƒ) and H₃(ƒ) may be expressed asformula (14):

$\begin{matrix}\begin{Bmatrix}{{{H_{3}(f)} \geq {{\left( {1 - {H_{1}(f)}} \right)/a}{H_{1}(f)}}},} & \left( {f \leq f_{0}} \right) \\{{{H_{3}(f)} < {{\left( {1 - {H_{1}(f)}} \right)/a}{H_{1}(f)}}},} & \left( {f > f_{0}} \right)\end{Bmatrix} & {{formula}\mspace{14mu}(14)}\end{matrix}$

In some embodiments, in addition to restoring the original frame, thedecompression process may also enhance the original frame. For example,if the original frame is a frame of a video, the decoded frame mayfurther clarify the original frame, that is, enhance the clarity of theobject boundary in the original frame. When the sharpness of theboundary needs to be enhanced, as long as H₀(ƒ) in the above formulas(8) to (13) is greater than 1 in the selected region of the frequencydomain, the clarity enhancement may be achieved.

As mentioned above, in the case where the original frame undergoesconvolution in multiple directions, the decoded frame may also have theconvolution in multiple directions, and the direction and order of thedecoded frame during convolution are opposite to those of the originalframe during convolution. For example, in the case where the originalframe is firstly convolved in the vertical direction and thenhorizontally, the decoded frame would be firstly convolved in thehorizontal direction and then convolved in the vertical direction. Itshould be noted that the decoded frame needs to be convolved in thehorizontal direction to obtain horizontal boundary data first, and thenthe horizontal data in the horizontal direction of the decoded frame aresuperimposed on the decoded frame, next the convolution in the verticaldirection may obtain the boundary data in the vertical direction, andthe boundary data in the vertical direction are superimposed on thedecoded frame.

FIG. 9 shows the graph of an overall adjustment function H₀(ƒ), anencoding spectrum-adjustment function H₁(ƒ) and a decodingspectrum-adjustment function H₃(ƒ) provided according to an embodimentof the present application. The relationship between H₀(ƒ), H₁(ƒ) andH₃(ƒ) shown in FIG. 9 is the relationship represented by formula (13).In FIG. 9 , a=1.2 is used as an example for description. As shown inFIG. 9 , the horizontal axis is the normalized frequency f, and thevertical axis is the amplitude adjustment gain H. In an example of videodata, since human eyes are more sensitive to the information ofintermedia to low frequencies, the spectrum adjustment function H₀(ƒ)may completely retain or even enhance the information in theintermediate-frequency to low-frequency region. The spectrum adjustmentfunction H₀(ƒ) may have an amplitude adjustment gain greater than orequal to 1 in the intermediate-frequency to low-frequency region. Sincehuman eyes are less sensitive to high-frequency information, theinformation in the high-frequency region may be attenuated by thespectrum adjustment function H₀(ƒ) to reduce unnecessary high-frequencynoise that may be generated in the decompressed frame. When H₀(ƒ)=1, thespectrum adjustment function H₀(ƒ) performs the normal mode of spectrumadjustment on the decompressed frame. That is, in the spectrumadjustment function H₀(ƒ) the information is completely retained for theintermediate-frequency to low-frequency region, and the data in thedecompressed frame may be substantially restored to the data in theoriginal frame. When H₀(ƒ)>1, the spectrum adjustment function H₀(ƒ)performs the enhanced mode of spectrum adjustment on the decompressedframe. That is, in the spectrum adjustment function H₀(ƒ), theinformation in the intermediate-frequency to the low-frequency region isenhanced, and the data in the decompressed frame is enhanced as comparedto the data in the original frame. It should be noted that the curvesshown in FIG. 9 are only an exemplary description, and a person skilledin the art would understand that the curves of H₀(ƒ), H₁(ƒ) and H₃(ƒ)are not limited to the forms shown in FIG. 9 . All H₀(ƒ), H₁(ƒ) andH₃(ƒ) curves in line with formula (13) are within the scope ofprotection of the present application. In addition, it should be notedthat all decoding spectrum-adjustment functions in line with formula(13), including the linear combination combined H₃(ƒ)=Σ_(i=1)^(n)k_(i)H_(3i)(ƒ), the product combination of the encodingspectrum-adjustment function H₃(ƒ)=Π_(j=1) ^(n)k_(j)H_(3j)(ƒ), and the acombination of linear combination and the product combination, fallwithin the scope of protection of the present application, where i≥1,H₃(ƒ)=Σ_(i=1) ^(n)k_(i)H_(3i)(ƒ) represents the linear combination of nfunctions, H_(3i)(ƒ) represents the i-th function, k_(i) represents theweight corresponding to the i-th functions, j≥1, H₃(ƒ)=Π_(j=1)^(n)k_(j)H_(3j)(ƒ) represents the product combination of n functions,k_(j) represents the weight corresponding to the j-th function, andH_(3j)(ƒ) may be any function.

FIG. 10 shows a parameter table of a group of decoding convolutionkernels in a normal mode according to an embodiment of the presentapplication. FIG. 10 exemplarily lists the parameters of a normal modegroup of decoding convolution kernels, where each line in FIG. 10represents a normal mode decoding convolution kernel. The group ofencoding convolution kernels of the normal mode is obtained by Fouriertransform based on the decoding spectrum-adjustment function H₂(ƒ) ofthe normal mode. For video images, it is necessary to ensure that thegray values of pixels in the encoding spectrum-adjustment frame obtainedafter encoding convolution is within the range of 0 to 255. Therefore,in this embodiment, it is necessary to divide the convolution result by256. The decoding spectrum-adjustment function H₂(ƒ) is obtainedcorresponding to H₀(ƒ)=1. The data decompression device 300 may use thenormal mode group of encoding convolution kernels shown in FIG. 10 tomake the data of the decompressed frame substantially in line with thedata of the original frame. FIG. 10 is only an exemplary illustration. Aperson skilled in the art would know that the normal mode group ofdecoding convolution kernels is not limited to the parameters shown inFIG. 10 . All types of the groups of decoding convolution kernels thatthat may allow the amplitude of the decoded frame to smoothly decreasein the high-frequency region and to restore in theintermediate-frequency to low-frequency region in the frequency domainfall within the scope of the present application protection.

FIG. 11 shows a parameter table of an enhanced mode of group of decodingconvolution kernels provided according to an embodiment of the presentapplication, where each line in FIG. 11 represents an enhanced modedecoding convolution kernel. The group of encoding convolution kernelsof the enhanced mode is obtained by Fourier transform based on thedecoding spectrum-adjustment function H₂(ƒ) of the enhanced mode. Forvideo images, it is necessary to ensure that the gray values of pixelsin the encoding spectrum-adjustment frame obtained after encodingconvolution is within the range of 0 to 255. Therefore, in thisembodiment, it is necessary to divide the convolution result by 256. Thedecoding spectrum-adjustment function H₂(ƒ) is obtained corresponding toH₀(ƒ)=1. The data decompression device 300 may use the enhanced modegroup of encoding convolution kernels shown in FIG. 11 to enhance thedata of the decompressed frame. FIG. 11 is only an exemplaryillustration. A person skilled in the art would know that the enhancedmode group of decoding convolution kernels is not limited to theparameters shown in FIG. 11 . All types of the groups of decodingconvolution kernels that that may allow the amplitude of the decodedframe to smoothly decrease in the high-frequency region and to enhancein the intermediate-frequency to low-frequency region in the frequencydomain fall within the scope of the present application protection. Whenthe data decompression device 300 decompresses the compressed frame, itmay select a normal mode decoding convolution kernel or an enhanced modedecoding convolution kernel as the decoding convolution kernel accordingto user needs.

In summary, the data processing system 100 provided by the presentapplication, when compressing the original data, executes the methodP200 through the data compression device 200, and uses an encodingconvolution kernel to perform an encoding spectrum-adjustment on theoriginal frame in the original data so as to smoothly reduce theamplitude of the original frame in the intermediate-frequency tohigh-frequency region (including both the intermediate-frequency regionand the high-frequency region). In this way, the data information in theoriginal frame is reduced, the encoding efficiency is improved. Thus,the compressed data volume is reduced, and the data compressionefficiency and data transmission efficiency are improved. The dataprocessing system 100 provided by the present application, whendecompressing the compressed frame, executes the method P300 through thedata decompression device 300, and performs a decodingspectrum-adjustment on the compressed frame using a decoding convolutionkernel, where the decoding convolution kernel corresponds to theencoding convolution kernel. Thus, the intermediate frequency to lowfrequency data in the compressed frame is restored to obtain adecompressed frame. The method and system may improve data compressionefficiency and transmission efficiency.

The present application further provides a non-transitory storage mediumthat stores at least one set of executable instructions for dataprocessing. When the executable instruction is executed by a processor,the executable instruction directs the processor to implement the stepsof the data processing method P200. In some embodiments, various aspectsof the present application may also be implemented in the form of aprogram product, which includes program code. When the program productruns on the data compression device 200, the program code is used tocause the data compression device 200 to perform the data processingsteps as described in the present application. The program product forimplementing the above method may use a portable compact disk read-onlymemory (CD-ROM) and include program code; in addition, it may be run onthe data compression device 200, such as a personal computer. However,the program product of the present application is not limited to theforegoing; in the present application, the readable storage medium maybe any tangible medium containing or storing the program. The programmay be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system(for example, the compression-side processor 220). The program productmay employ any combination of one or more readable media. The readablemedium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. Thereadable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, a system,device or apparatus of electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic,infrared, or semiconductor, or any combination thereof. More specificexamples of the readable storage medium may include: an electricalconnection with one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, arandom access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), an erasableprogrammable read only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber,a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storagedevice, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of theforegoing. The computer-readable storage medium may include a datasignal propagated in a baseband or as part of a carrier wave, in whichthe readable program code is carried. This propagated data signal maytake many different forms, including but not limited to, anelectromagnetic signal, an optical signal, or any suitable combinationof the foregoing. The readable storage medium may also be any readablemedium other than the readable storage medium, and the readable mediummay send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in combinationwith an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The programcode contained in the readable storage medium may be transmitted in anyappropriate medium, including but not limited to, wireless, wired,optical cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.The program code for performing the operations of the presentapplication may be written in any combination of one or more programminglanguages. The programming language includes object-oriented programminglanguages such as Java, C++, etc., and also includes conventionalprocedural programming languages such as “C” language or similarprogramming languages. The program code may be completely executed onthe data compression device 200, partially executed on the datacompression device 200, executed as an independent software package,partially executed on the data compression device 200, partiallyexecuted on a remote computing device, or executed completely on aremote computing device. In a case where a remote computing device isused, the remote computing device may be connected to the datacompression device 200 through the transmission medium 120, or may beconnected to an external computing device.

Some specific embodiments of the present application have been describedabove, while other embodiments are also within the scope of the claims.In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may beperformed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achievethe desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the drawingsdo not necessarily require a specific order or sequence to achieve thedesired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallelprocessing are also possible or may be even advantageous.

In summary, after reading this detailed disclosure, those skilled in theart may understand that the foregoing detailed disclosure may bepresented by way of example only, and may not be limiting. Although notexplicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art will understand thatthe present application is intended to cover various changes,improvements and modifications of the embodiments. These changes,modifications, and improvements are intended to be made by the presentdisclosure and are within the spirit and scope of the exemplaryembodiments of the present disclosure.

In addition, some of the terms in this application have been used todescribe embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, “oneembodiment”, “an embodiment” and/or “some embodiments” means that aparticular feature, structure or characteristic described in connectionwith the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of thepresent disclosure. Therefore, it should be emphasized and understoodthat in various parts of the present disclosure, two or more referencesto “an embodiment” or “one embodiment” or “an alternate embodiment” arenot necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, theparticular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined asappropriate in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

It should be understood that in the description of the embodiments ofthe present disclosure, to assist in understanding a feature and for thepurpose of simplifying the present disclosure, sometimes variousfeatures may be combined in a single embodiment, or drawings,description thereof. Alternatively, various features may be described indifferent embodiments of the present application. However, this is notto say that a combination of these features is necessary, and it isentirely possible for those skilled in the art to understand that a partof these features may be extracted as a separate embodiment. That is tosay, the embodiments in the present application may also be understoodas the integration of a plurality of secondary embodiments. It is alsotrue that the content of each of the sub-embodiments may be less thanall of the features of a single previously disclosed embodiment.

Each of the patents, patent applications, patent applicationpublications, and other materials, such as articles, books,instructions, publications, documents, products, etc., cited herein arehereby incorporated by reference, which are applicable to all contentsused for all purposes, except for any history of prosecution documentsassociated therewith, any identical, or any identical prosecutiondocument history, which may be inconsistent or conflicting with thisdocument, or any such subject matter that may have a restrictive effecton the broadest scope of the claims associated with this document now orlater. For example, if there is any inconsistent or conflicting indescriptions, definitions, and/or use of a term associated with thisdocument and descriptions, definitions, and/or use of the termassociated with any materials, the term in this document shall prevail.

Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments of the applicationdisclosed herein are merely described to illustrate the principles ofthe embodiments of the application. Other modified embodiments are alsowithin the scope of this application. Therefore, the embodimentsdisclosed herein are by way of example only and not limitations. Thoseskilled in the art may adopt alternative configurations to implement theinvention in this application in accordance with the embodiments of thepresent application. Therefore, the embodiments of the presentapplication are not limited to those embodiments that have beenprecisely described in this disclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. A data processing method, comprising: selectingan original frame from original data, the original frame including dataof a preset number of bytes; performing data compression to the originalframe to obtain a compressed frame; and transmitting the compressedframe to a transmission medium, wherein, the data compression includesperforming an encoding spectrum-adjustment to an under-compression-frameusing a first transfer function, the under-compression-frame being theoriginal frame or data at any data state before the original framebecomes the compressed frame during the data compression, and the firsttransfer function keeps all frequency components of theunder-compression-frame.
 2. The data processing method according toclaim 1, wherein the first transfer function is configured to: smoothlyattenuate the under-compression-frame in an amplitude of ahigh-frequency region with a first amplitude adjustment gain, keeping anattenuation error within a predetermined range; and smoothly attenuatethe under-compression-frame in an intermediate-frequency region with asecond amplitude adjustment gain, keeping an attenuation error within apredetermined range.
 3. The data processing method according to claim 2,wherein the first amplitude adjustment gain is less than the secondamplitude adjustment gain.
 4. The data processing method according toclaim 2, wherein the first transfer function is further configured tosmoothly attenuate an amplitude of a low-frequency region of theunder-compression-frame with a third amplitude adjustment gain, keepingan attenuation error within a predetermined range, wherein the thirdamplitude adjustment gain is greater than the second amplitudeadjustment gain.
 5. The data processing method according to claim 1,wherein an amplitude adjustment gain of the under-compression-frame atany frequency in the frequency domain resulted from the encodingspectrum-adjustment is greater than zero.
 6. The data processing methodaccording to claim 1, wherein the performing of the data compression onthe original frame includes at least one of the following ways:performing the encoding spectrum-adjustment on the original frame, andthen performing a prediction and finding a residual with the originalframe after the encoding spectrum-adjustment; performing the predictionwith the original frame to obtain a predicted original frame, and thenperforming the encoding spectrum-adjustment with the original frame andthe predicted original frame and finding the residual; or performing theprediction and finding the residual with the original frame, and thenperforming the encoding spectrum-adjustment with the residual.
 7. A dataprocessing system, comprising: at least one storage medium including atleast one set of instructions for data processing; and at least oneprocessor in communication connection with the at least one storagemedium, wherein during operation, the at least one processor executesthe at least one set of instructions to: select an original frame fromoriginal data, the original frame including data of a preset number ofbytes; perform data compression to the original frame to obtain acompressed frame; and transmit the compressed frame to a transmissionmedium, wherein, the data compression includes performing an encodingspectrum-adjustment to an under-compression-frame using a first transferfunction, the under-compression-frame includes the original frame andany data state before the original frame becomes the compressed frameduring the data compression, and the first transfer function keeps allfrequency components of the under-compression-frame.
 8. The dataprocessing system according to claim 7, wherein the first transferfunction is configured to: smoothly attenuate theunder-compression-frame in a high-frequency region with a firstamplitude adjustment gain, keeping an attenuation error within apredetermined range; and smoothly attenuate the under-compression-framein an intermediate-frequency region with a second amplitude adjustmentgain, keeping an attenuation error within a predetermined range.
 9. Thedata processing system according to claim 8, wherein the first amplitudeadjustment gain is less than the second amplitude adjustment gain. 10.The data processing system according to claim 8, wherein the firsttransfer function is further configured to smoothly attenuate theunder-compression-frame in a low-frequency region with a third amplitudeadjustment gain, keeping an attenuation error within a predeterminedrange wherein the third amplitude adjustment gain is greater than thesecond amplitude adjustment gain.
 11. The data processing systemaccording to claim 7, wherein an amplitude adjustment gain of theunder-compression-frame at any frequency in the frequency domainresulted from the encoding spectrum-adjustment is greater than zero. 12.The data processing system according to claim 7, wherein to perform thedata compression on the original frame, the at least one processorfurther executes the at least one set of instructions to do at least oneof the following: perform the encoding spectrum-adjustment on theoriginal frame, and then perform a prediction and finding a residualwith the original frame after the encoding spectrum-adjustment; performthe prediction with the original frame to obtain a predicted originalframe, and then perform the encoding spectrum-adjustment with theoriginal frame and the predicted original frame and finding theresidual; or perform the prediction and finding the residual with theoriginal frame, and then perform the encoding spectrum-adjustment withthe residual.
 13. A data processing method, comprising: obtainingcompressed data from a transmission medium, the compressed dataincluding a compressed frame obtained by performing data compression onan original frame, and the data compression including an encodingspectrum-adjustment using a first transfer function to keep allfrequency components of an under-compression-frame; performing datadecompression on the compressed frame to obtain a decompressed frame;and output the decompressed frame, wherein, the data decompressionincludes performing a decoding spectrum-adjustment to anunder-decompression-frame using a second transfer function, theunder-decompression-frame being the compressed frame or data at any datastate before the compressed frame becomes the decompressed frame duringthe data decompression, and the second transfer function is related tothe first transfer function.
 14. The data processing method according toclaim 13, wherein: the encoding spectrum-adjustment includes using thefirst transfer function to smoothly attenuate theunder-compression-frame in frequency domain, wherein an amplitudeadjustment gain for the under-compression-frame according to the firsttransfer function at any frequency is greater than zero, theunder-compression-frame being the original frame or data at any datastate before the original frame becomes the compressed frame during thedata compression; and the decoding spectrum-adjustment includes usingthe second transfer function to adjust the amplitude of theunder-decompression-frame to restore the under-decompression-frame. 15.The data processing method according to claim 14, wherein the performingof the data decompression on the compressed frame includes: decoding thecompressed frame to obtain a decoded frame, theunder-decompression-frame including the decoded frame; and performingthe decoding spectrum-adjustment on the decoded frame to obtain thedecompressed frame.
 16. The data processing method according to claim15, wherein the performing of the decoding spectrum-adjustment on thedecoded frame includes: adjusting an amplitude of the decoded framebased on the second transfer function to obtain boundary data of thedecoded frame based on the amplitude adjustment of the decoded framethrough the second transfer function; and superimposing the boundarydata of the decoded frame on the decoded frame to obtain thedecompressed frame.
 17. A data processing system, comprising: at leastone storage medium including at least one set of instructions for dataprocessing; at least one processor in communication connection with theat least one storage medium, wherein during operation, the at least oneprocessor executes the at least one set of instructions to: obtaincompressed data from a transmission medium, the compressed dataincluding a compressed frame obtained by performing data compression onan original frame, and the data compression including an encodingspectrum-adjustment using a first transfer function to keep allfrequency components of an under-compression-frame; perform datadecompression on the compressed frame to obtain a decompressed frame;and output the decompressed frame, wherein, the data decompressionincludes performing a decoding spectrum-adjustment to anunder-decompression-frame using a second transfer function, theunder-decompression-frame being the compressed frame or data at any datastate before the compressed frame becomes the decompressed frame duringthe data decompression, and the second transfer function corresponds tothe first transfer function.
 18. The data processing system according toclaim 17, wherein: the encoding spectrum-adjustment includes using thefirst transfer function to smoothly attenuate theunder-compression-frame in frequency domain, wherein an amplitudeadjustment gain for the under-compression-frame according to the firsttransfer function at any frequency is greater than zero, theunder-compression-frame being the original frame or data at any datastate before the original frame becomes the compressed frame during thedata compression; and the decoding spectrum-adjustment includes usingthe second transfer function to adjust the amplitude of theunder-decompression-frame to restore the under-decompression-frame. 19.The data processing system according to claim 18, wherein to perform thedata decompression on the compressed frame, the at least one processorfurther execute the set of instructions to: decode the compressed frameto obtain a decoded frame, the under-decompression-frame including thedecoded frame; and perform the decoding spectrum-adjustment on thedecoded frame to obtain the decompressed frame.
 20. The data processingsystem according to claim 19, wherein to perform the decodingspectrum-adjustment on the decoded frame, the at least one processorfurther executes the set of instructions to: adjust an amplitude of thedecoded frame based on the second transfer function to obtain boundarydata of the decoded frame based on the amplitude adjustment of thedecoded frame through the second transfer function; and superimpose theboundary data of the decoded frame on the decoded frame to obtain thedecompressed frame.